Graves
On Introduction to the apnea, the spanish-speaking author tries to explain us the free diving, but he drowns in a sea of translation howlers:
The term apnea is defined as the halting of the respiratory
movements, is of voluntary or involuntary form. The produced voluntary
apnea in certain conditions constitutes demotes complex in which Some
of thesefactors take part great cantida d of common factors to other competitive
activities more orthodox are the necessary concentration,el required training,la
existence of diverse and complex techniques, the organization of championships,
records, the importance of the individual capacity and its recognition and regulation
like sport activity on the part of world-wide organizations.
The apnea is to aquatic means,ya that all the existing modalities are made in
immersion,es to say, under the water inevitably united.
This activity is practiced like so by an increasing number of
people, as much in the sea or swimming pools, as in graves
(artificial swimming pools of great depth, like average about
fifteen meters).
My God... Free diving in graves! What a morbid activity!
The translation mistook grave and abyssal trough. In French, and obviously in Spanish too, they both are the same word.
Even so,es a totally minority sport and enough unknown.
However, it serves as base other popular sports my, as the
submarine fishing or the free diving.
Three of the five existing categories consist of reaching the
greater possible depth following certain norms.
The human body is adapted to the terrestrial atmosphere and
the pressure Por that, finds many difficulties when having to
move in aquatic means, so different In addition,la depth reached
about the great apneistas is very great, and this causes great
dificilmente superable problems of pressure.
I must say the site is very well documented, and despite the few mistakes and spanish untranslated words, it represents an interesting introduction to diving. Here is a page about physiology:
To reach mayores depths of 100 m.s is something possible for
very few people at the moment, and it does not have solely to the
capacity of apnea, but to its incredible adaptation to means.
Anyone of us, put under 14 atmospheres of pressure (13 times
more of the one than we supported normalnente), we would undergo
great amount of the evils: immediate unemployment cardiac, breakage of eardrums,
crushing of the torácica box, loss of the conscience, etc.
This a well-known phenomenon: immediate unemployment as soon as one reaches 100 meter under water.
(...) The membrane of the timpano is very weak, reason why the
pressure differential between external means and internal gases
can affect to him (making convex it) until the breakage. For that
reason, each two or three meters of immersion it is necessary to
make the maneuver of Valsalva, who consists of covering the nose
with the hand and blowing air directing it towards the tubes of Eustaquio,
so that the pressure is increased of the air of these
internal cavities, equaling it with the external pressure.
This maneuver is actually very fáci1 to make, and it is used
by all the one that, with gas cylinders or without them, it has
to submerge.
Lets look at some apnea records and champions:
STATIC APNEA
The static apnea consists of measuring the time that the
participant can remain under the water having inhaled normal air.
The record shows the French Andy him,al Willow to register a
total time under the water of 7 minutes and 35 seconds,el four of
April of 1995, breaking its own record.
Andy him,al Willow, that's his name ? It does not sound French at all... Out of curiousity, I searched the web (here for example) for his true name: Andy Le Sauce!
It could have been worse, like Andy The Dressing.
DYNAMIC APNEA.
In this category one is moderate the Maxima distance that can
be crossed under the water using fins
,y is a modality very little well-known does not have the
irnportancia and the followers of others.
In May of 1996 Andy Him Willow did the best mark crossing 164 meters under
the water of a swimming pool.
(...) NONCLimits
This, without a doubt, most spectacular, dangerous and is
controverted of the modalities. The same name explains the rules
to follow:sin you limit, all bond with so reaching the Maxima
depth in a single normal air inspiration. The apneista can lower
with the amount of weight that wishes and to raise frees of such
weight In addition are allowed inflatable globes that raise to
him great speed. The ballast usually has form of a heavy metallic
bar in which the sportsmen can be held facilmente ' and who lower
by a cable that arrives at great depths.
It is enough with clearing the brake to begin the reduction,
and once down, great globes infllan that raise quickly dismissing air with the
taken hold profundistas them. It limits of veilcidad in the
ascent and reduction only comes marked by the own physiology from the
apneista, and by the decompression that there is to make each
few meters so that nis not broken the eardrums.
This modality, due to the great depths in which
it works, entails great dangers that several times have received
victimas. Still more existing a rivalry like the one of these
moments between Pipin and Pelizzan, that already have happened to
comprise of the subaqueous legend.
These two sportsmen, supported by a solid and numerous
equipment of professionals and means, mainly maintain a great rivalry that
causes a book of records more than updated, in these
three last categorias. Also there are very negative consequences,
like the death of two of the divers of security of Pipín, caused
by the difficulties of the submarinismo with gas cylinders to
great depth, that also takes to think that they will not be the
last tragedies. In the last record of Pipín,a the Maxima
proundidad waited for a submarine to him instead of a diver.
